Renal glycosuria

Renal glycosuria
Classification and external resources
Glucose
ICD-10	E 74.8
ICD-9	271.4
OMIM	233100
DiseasesDB	29130
eMedicine	ped/1991
MeSH	D006030

Renal glycosuria, also known as renal glucosuria, is a rare condition in which the simple sugar glucose is excreted in the urine^[1] despite normal or low blood glucose levels. With normal kidney (renal) function, glucose is excreted in the urine only when there are abnormally elevated levels of glucose in the blood. However, in those with renal glycosuria, glucose is abnormally elevated in the urine due to improper functioning of the renal tubules, which are primary components of nephrons, the filtering units of the kidneys.

1 Diagnosis
2 Presentation
3 Genetics
4 Synonyms
5 See also
6 References

Diagnosis

A doctor normally can diagnose renal glycosuria when a routine urine tenjhkn/m,st, a Urinalysis, detects glucose in the urine, while a blood test indicates that the blood glucose level is normal.

Presentation

In most affected individuals, the condition causes no apparent symptoms (asymptomatic) or serious effects. When renal glycosuria occurs as an isolated finding with otherwise normal kidney function, the condition is thought to be inherited as an autosomal recessive trait.

Genetics

It is associated with SLC5A2, coding the sodium glucose cotransporter 2.

Synonyms

Benign glycosuria
Familial renal glycosuria
Nondiabetic glycosuria
Primary renal glycosuria
Diabetes renalis
Renal diabetes
Diabetes innocence

References

^ KHACHADURIAN AK, KHACHADURIAN LA (June 1964). "THE INHERITANCE OF RENAL GLYCOSURIA". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 16: 189–94. PMC 1932305. PMID 14174800. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1932305.

Inborn error of carbohydrate metabolism: monosaccharide metabolism disorders (including glycogen storage diseases) (E73–E74, 271)

Sucrose, transport
(extracellular)

Disaccharide catabolism	Lactose intolerance · Sucrose intolerance

Monosaccharide transport	Glucose-galactose malabsorption · Inborn errors of renal tubular transport (Renal glycosuria) · Fructose malabsorption

Hexose → glucose

Monosaccharide catabolism	fructose: Essential fructosuria · Fructose intolerance galactose/galactosemia : GALK deficiency · GALT deficiency/GALE deficiency

Glucose ⇄ glycogen

Glycogenesis	GSD type 0, glycogen synthase · GSD type IV, Andersen's, branching

Glycogenolysis	extralysosomal: GSD type V, McArdle, muscle glycogen phosphorylase/GSD type VI, Hers', liver glycogen phosphorylase · GSD type III, Cori's, debranching lysosomal/LSD: GSD type II, Pompe's, glucosidase

Glucose ⇄ CAC

Glycolysis	MODY 2/HHF3 · GSD type VII, Tarui's, phosphofructokinase · Triosephosphate isomerase deficiency · Pyruvate kinase deficiency

Gluconeogenesis	PCD · Fructose bisphosphatase deficiency · GSD type I, von Gierke, glucose 6-phosphatase

Pentose phosphate pathway

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency · Transaldolase deficiency

Other

Hyperoxaluria (Primary hyperoxaluria) · Pentosuria

M: MET

mt, k, c/g/r/p/y/i, f/h/s/l/o/e, a/u, n, m

k, cgrp/y/i, f/h/s/l/o/e, au, n, m, epon

m(A16/C10),i(k, c/g/r/p/y/i, f/h/s/o/e, a/u, n, m)

Genetic disorder, membrane: Solute carrier disorders

1-10	SLC1A3 (Episodic ataxia 6) · SLC2A1 (De Vivo disease) · SLC2A5 (Fructose malabsorption) · SLC2A10 (Arterial tortuosity syndrome) · SLC3A1 (Cystinuria) · SLC4A1 (Hereditary spherocytosis 4/Hereditary elliptocytosis 4) · SLC4A11 (Congenital endothelial dystrophy type 2, Fuchs' dystrophy 4) · SLC5A1 (Glucose-galactose malabsorption) · SLC5A2 (Renal glycosuria) · SLC5A5 (Thyroid dyshormonogenesis type 1) · SLC6A19 (Hartnup disease) · SLC7A7 (Lysinuric protein intolerance) · SLC7A9 (Cystinuria)

11-20	SLC11A1 (Crohn's disease) · SLC12A3 (Gitelman syndrome) · SLC16A1 (HHF7) · SLC16A2 (Allan–Herndon–Dudley syndrome) · SLC17A5 (Salla disease) · SLC17A8 (DFNA25)

21-40	SLC26A2 (Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia 4, Achondrogenesis type 1B, Recessive multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, Atelosteogenesis, type II, Diastrophic dysplasia) · SLC26A4 (Pendred syndrome) · SLC35C1 (CDOG 2C) · SLC39A4 (Acrodermatitis enteropathica) · SLC40A1 (African iron overload)

see also solute carrier family B structural (perx, skel, cili, mito, nucl, sclr) · DNA/RNA/protein synthesis (drep, trfc, tscr, tltn) · membrane (icha, slcr, atpa, abct, othr) · transduction (iter, csrc, itra), trfk